Dutch Captain: Cornelis Bakker

Cornelis Bakker served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. He commanded the Pacificatie from June 7, 1673. He fought in the Battle of the Texel in August, where he was assigned to Jan de Haan's division. He operated with captains Jan Corneliszoon Poort and Pieter Klaaszoon Dekker. Unfortunately, he is not mentioned in the other sources that are available to me. Sources:

1. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Captain: Jacob Roos

Jacob Roos served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. He lived from about 1640 until 1716. In commanded the ship Noorderkwartier (60 guns) in 1673 at the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel. In the latter battle, he was assigned to Isaac Sweers' division. In 1696, he commanded the Alkmaar (72 guns). Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
3. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Naval Officer: George Johan van Weede

George Johan van Weede was born in Utrecht on 27 September 1627 and died on 27 May 1697. He was lord of Walenburgh. He was an army officer from 1663 until 1669. From 1669 to 1697, he was commandant of the regiment of marines. From 1662 until 1697, he was governor of Grave. He commanded in the Battle of Seneffe in 1674. On 26 November 1669, he was appointed as a colonel of the marines. In 1674, he was brigadier of marines. The Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier appointed him as lieutenant-admiral on 23 March 1678. This is based on my translation of the piece in Luc Eekhout's book Het Admiralenboek.

Dutch Captain: Willem van Ewijk

Willem van Ewijk served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1673, he commanded the frigate Edam (36 guns). He fought in the Schooneveld battles and in the Battle of the Texel in August 1673. He was assigned to De Ruyter's division in the latter battle. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.
3. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Captain: Simon van Panhuis

Simon van Panhuis had served as captain of the marines, and then as a naval captain, serving the Admiralty of the Maze. We know that he commanded the Zeelandia (42 guns) during 1673. The Zeelandia was rather new, having been completed in 1670. Her dimensions were 130ft x 33ft x 14ft. Simon van Panhuis was with the fleet in May 1673, and probably fought in the two Schooneveld Battles. In August, he fought in the Battle of the Texel. At the last battle, he was assigned to De Ruyter's division. In May 1673, the Zeelandia's crew consisted of 147 sailors and 23 soldiers. In August, her crew was 133 sailors and 13 soldiers. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.
3. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Captain: Pieter Karseboom (or Kerseboom)

Pieter Karseboom served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. He lived from 1643 until 1683. In August 1665, he commanded the Monnikendam (30 guns) in De Ruyter's fleet. At the St. James's Day Battle in 1666, he commadned the Wapen van Nassau (72 guns). He commanded the the Wapen van Nassau (later with 62 or 58 guns) at least until August 1673. He took part in the Raids on the Medway and Harwich in May and July 1667. He seems to have fought in the Schooneveld battles in 1673, and the Battle of the Texel in August. In June 1674, he commanded the fluit Prins te Paard (12 guns) in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
2. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.
3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis van der Hoeven

Cornelis Jacobszoon van der Hoeven served the Admiralty of the Maze. In 1672, he commanded the snauw Faam (12 guns). He seems to have fought at the Battle of Solebay. In 1673, he commanded the frigate Schiedam (20 guns). He fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel. He was assigned to De Ruyter's squadron at the latter battle (Kijkduin). He also participated in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique in 1674, where he commanded the flute Juffrouw Katarina (9 guns). His ship transported 146 soldiers to Martinique. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
2. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

The Zeeland frigate Delft (1659)

Mr. Carl Stapel has sent the results of his research about the Zeeland frigate Delft. He says that apparently Vreugdenhil was mistaken about the date that the Delft was built:

Delft frigate 1659

Adm Name        Length  Beam   Hold   Guns   In service
Z   Delft       116     28.5   11.5   34     1659–1683
  
Date    Captain                    Guns Sailors Soldiers Notes
4/1659 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       voyage to Portugal  
  1660 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge
2/1661 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       captured the ship of
                                                        Johan Collaert
                                                        in the Channel
4/1661 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       with De Ruyter in
                                                         the Mediterranean Sea
  1662 Cornelis Eversten de Jonge                       in the Mediterranean Sea
  1663 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       in Vlissingen in October
11/1663 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       convoyer to Cadiz
  1664 Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge                       convoyer to Cadiz
9/1664 Jan Matthijssen                                  convoyer to Malaga
                                                         and Cadiz       
6/1665  Jan Banckert              34   181              Battle of Lowestoft,
                                                         Jan Banckert killed
Date    Captain                    Guns Sailors Soldiers Notes
8/1665 Jan Matthijssen            34   119     46 
6/1666 Dirck Jobsz Kiela          36   122     45       Four Days' Battle
8/1666 Dirck Jobsz Kiela          34   169     -        St. James's Day Battle
2/1667 Dirck Jobsz Kiela          34  
  1668 Cornelis Evertsen de Jongste 34                  convoyer to the
                                                         Mediterranean Sea
  1671 Salomon le Sage            32    76     45       Patrolling in the Channel
5/1672 Simon Loncke               34                    Battle of Solebay
7-6/1673 Adriaan Bankcert de Jonge 34                    Schooneveld I
14-6/1673 Adriaan Banckert de Jonge 34                   Schooneveld II
8/1673 Adriaan Banckert de Jonge  34   120     11       Battle of the
                                                         Texel (Kijkduin)
6/1674 Adriaan Banckert de Jonge  32   120     89       to Martinique
1683  Geleyn Evertsen             34                    voyage to the Sound    

The ship was last mentioned in 1683.

Dutch Captains: Jan Uyttenhout and Pieter Janszoon Uyttenhout

Jan Uyttenhout served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1652 and 1653, he operated with the Dutch fleet in the Mediterranean Sea. He commanded the ship Zutphen (36 guns), one of seven Amsterdam ships in the Mediterreanean in July 1652. In March of 1653, he fought at the Battle of Livorno. In June 1665, Pieter Janszoon Uyttenhout fought in the Battle of Lowestoft. Presumably, he was Jan's son, as his name implies. Pieter Janszoon Uyttenhout commanded the Groningen in 1665. He fought in the Four Days' Battle in June 1666, where he commanded the Landman (46 guns). His ship was burnt by a fireship on the fourth day and blew up. Of the crew of 230 men, 180 were killed, including Pieter Uyttenhout. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, "The First Dutch War in the Mediterranean," The Mariner's Mirror, Vol.49, No.4, November 1963.
2. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2004.
4. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Willem Boudewijnszoon van Eyk

Willem Boudewijnszoon van Eyk served the Admiralty of the Maze during the Second Anglo-Dutch War. In August 1665, he commanded the frigate Schiedam (25 guns) in De Ruyter's fleet. During 1666 and 1667, he commanded the frigate Kwartier van Nijmegen (or Nijmegen) (34 guns). He fought in the Four Days' Battle in June 1666. He was assigned to Jan de Liefde's division in that battle. At the St. James's Day Battle, he was assigned to Aert van Nes's division in De Ruyter's squadron. In May 1667, he took part in the Raid on Chatham. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

2. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Jan Krijnssen (or Crijnssen)

Jan Krijnssen served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He commanded the small frigate Schakerlo during the Second Anglo-Dutch War. In June 1665, he fought in the Battle of Lowestoft, where he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. In August 1665, he was with De Ruyter's fleet. In 1666, he fought in the Four Days' Battle, where he was assigned to Cornelis Evertsen de Oude's squadron. Cornelis Evertsen de Jongste commanded the Schakerlo in the St. James's Day Battle. The Schakerlo had dimensions 106ft x 26ft x 10ft. She carried 30 guns in the Four Days' Battle: 8-8pdr, 5-brass 6pdr, 12-iron 6pdr, 3-4pdr, and 2-3pdr. Her crew in the battle was 105 sailors and 30 soldiers. She had 5 killed and 10 wounded. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

2. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

3. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.

Dutch Captain: Jan Gijselszoon van Lier

Jan Gijselszoon van Lier served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He died in 1675. In 1666, he commanded the frigate Asperen (34 guns). He fought in the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle. He towed the Hollandia into Goeree on June 12th, 1666. In both battles, he was assigned to Cornelis Tromp's squadron. In 1667, he commanded the Tromp (or Muiltromp) and took part in the Raid on Chatham in May and the Raid on Harwich in July. He commanded the Leeuwen during the Third Anglo-Dutch War. He fought in the Battle of Solebay in May 1672. He was assigned to Van Ghent's squadron in the battle. He seems to have fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel in 1673. He was assigned to Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge's squadron at the Texel. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Journals and Narratives of the Third Dutch War, 1946.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
3. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.
4. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

The Dutch squadron on 15 September 1639

Thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel, we have a list of ships that fought in the Battle of the Downs:

Squadron of M.H. Tromp

Adm Ship              Guns Crew Rank       Commander
M   Aemilia           57   240  Lt-Admiral M.H. Tromp
M   Gelderland        34   120  Captain    Willem van Coulster
A   Frederik Hendrik  36   120  Captain    Pieter.Pietersz de Wint 
N   Sampson           32   120  Captain    Claesz Cornelisz Ham
N   Hollandse Tuin    32   120  Captain    L. Ysbrantsz Halffhoorn
    Deventer          28   110  Captain    Robert Post
    Omlandia          28    80  Captain    J. Gerbrandsz
    ?                 32   110  Captain    C. Ringhelsz
WIC Salamander        40   110  Capitein   L. Pz Bachuysen
N   Grote Christoffel 28    90  Captain    Frederick Pieterszoon
    Gideon            24   100  Captain    Hendrik. Jansz. Camp
    ?                 28   105  Captain    J. Paulusz

Squadron of Witte de With

Adm Ship                Guns Crew Rank          Commander
M   Maegd van Dordrecht 42   140  Vice-Admiral  Witte de With
A   Overijsel           24   100  Captain       Jacques Forant
A   Utrecht             30   120  Captain       Gerrit Meyndertsz den Uyl
    Sint Laurens        32    90  Captain       A. Dommertsz
A   Bommel              28    80  Captain       Sybrant Barentsz Waterdrincker

Squadron of Joost Banckert

Adm Ship                Guns Crew Rank          Commander
Z   Wapen van Zeeland   28   110  S B N         Joost Banckert
Z   Zeeridder           34   120  Captain       Frans Jansz. van Vlissingen
A   Zutphen             28   110  Captain       Joris van Cats
A   Walcheren           28   110  Captain       Jan Teunisz Sluys
N   Wapen van Holland   39   120  Captain       Lieve Cornelisz de Zeeuw
N   Neptunus            33   100  Captain       Albert 't Jonge Hoen
A   Amsterdam           10    60  Captain       Pieter Barentsz Dorrevelt
    Drenthe (jacht)     16    60  Captain       Gerrit Veen
F   Rotterdam           10    70  Captain       Joris Pietersz. van den Broeck   

Dutch Captain: Hendrik Vroom

Hendrik Vroom served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He commanded the Huis Tijdverdrijf (60 guns) in De Ruyter's fleet in August 1665. He fought in the Four Days' Battle, where he commanded the Wakende Boei (46 guns). He was assigned to Cornelis Evertsen's squadron in that battle. He also fought in the St. James's Day Battle (the Two Days Battle) in August 1666. He again commanded the Wakende Boei and was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. As best as I can tell from Brandt, Hendrik Vroom was killed in the St. James's Day Battle. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
2. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Jacob Philipszoon (or Philips)

Presumably, Jacob Philips and Jacob Philipszoon are one in the same. Brandt seems to confirm that supposition. Jacob Philipszoon commanded the Zutphen (38 guns) in August 1665, in De Ruyter's fleet. Earlier, at the time of the Battle of Lowestoft, his ship was apparently lying in the Texel roads. At the Four Days' Battle in June 1666, he was Isaac Sweers' flag captain on the Gouda (72 guns). In May 1667, he commanded the frigate Brak (20 guns) in the Raid on Chatham. Jacob Philipszoon had the honor of receiving Sir George Ayscue's surrender on the Royal Prince on the third day of the Four Days' Battle. Sources:

1. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
2. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.
3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.
4. J. C. De Jonge, Geschiedenis van het Nederlandsche Zeewezen, Vol.I, 1858.

Dutch Naval Officer: Willem de Zoete, Heer Haultain

This is based on my translation of the entry in Mollema's "Honor Roll", augmented with additional information from Het Admiralenboek and Mr. Carl Stapel's lists. I have corrected the birth date:

Willem de Zoete, Heer Haultain, served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He lived from 1565 until 26 September 1637. He died at Sluis. He served as a Lieutenant-Admiral from 1601-1627. In 1605, he commanded the Channel Fleet. His commanders took many Spanish ships. In 1606, he commanded two expeditions to the Spanish coast, and abandoned Reinier Claessen. In 1611 to 1612, he fought pirates in the Spanish sea. In 1618 and 1620-1621, he commanded expeditions to fight pirates in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1622, he was entrusted with defending Tholen. From 1623 to 1624, he was squadron commander in the Channel. From 1623 to 1625, he was commander of the naval forces of the Republic. In 1625, he commanded an expedition against La Rochelle. He fought two battles against Soubise, and distinguished himself. He was awarded a gold chain by the French king. In 1626, he was charged with the defense of Sluis. He left the service on 7 March 1627 and became governor of Sluis.

Sources:

1. Luc Eekhout, Het Admiralenboek: De Vlagofficieren van de Nederlandse marine 1382-1991, 1992.
2. J. C. Mollema, De Eere Rol, from Geschiedenis van Nederland ter Zee, Vol.II, 1940.

Dutch Captains named Pieter de Sitter

I am not sure that I can separate Pieter Corneliszoon de Sitter from Pieter Thomaszoon de Sitter from 1667 until 1676. We know fairly definitively that Pieter Thomaszoon de Sitter was flag captain to Abraham van der Hulst at the Four Days' Battle. The Spiegel (68 guns) was Abraham van der Hulst's flagship in that battle. Abraham van der Hulst was killed in the battle. Based on Brandt's biography of De Ruyter, I have attributed all the commands to Pieter Corneliszoon de Sitter. Pieter Corneliszoon de Sitter commanded Jaarsveld (or Huis te Jaarsveld) in the Raid on Chatham and the Raid on Harwich in 1667. In May 1672, he commanded the Agatha in the Battle of Solebay. In May and June 1673, he commanded the Agatha in the Schooneveld battles. He also fought in the Battle of the Texel in August 1673. In June 1674, he commanded the Beschermer in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique. In 1675 and 1676, he commanded the Zuiderhuis in De Ruyter's fleet sent to the Mediterranean Sea. He was killed in 1676. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Jacob Pauw

Jacob Pauw served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1666, he commanded the Stavoren, and fought in the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle. At the Four Days' Battle he was assigned to Cornelis Evertsen's squadron. At the St. James's Day Battle, Jan Evertsen commanded his late brother's squadron. In 1667, Jacob Pauw commanded the English prize Essex, which had been captured in the Four Days' Battle. The Dutch apparently retained the name Essex, rather than renaming her, as they did the Swiftsure. He took part in the Raid on Chatham in May and the Raid on Harwich in July. The Essex was wrecked after a relatively short service in the Dutch navy. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Wouter Wijngaarden

Wouter Wijngaarden served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He fought in the Four Days' Battle, where he commanded the Haarlem (44 guns). This was an old ship built in 1644. Wouter Wijngaarden was assigned to Jan Corneliszoon Meppel's squadron. It is not clear when he was killed, from the sources that I have. On the first day, Meppel's squadron initially fought with Sir George Ayscue's squadron. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.
3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Eenarn or Renaren?

I had assumed that Jan Pieterszoon Renaren and Jacob Pieterszoon Eenarm were the same, that it was simply a matter of interpreting handwritten Dutch. After the note about Jan Pietersz Deught, who served the Directors of Medemblik, who was chosen as kapitein of the Sint Jeronimus on 23 April 1652, I need to reassess the situation. I also know that Hendrik de Raedt's pamphlet from late 1652 lists a Captain Jacob Pieterszoon Eenarm as captain of a Medemblik Directors' ship of 30 guns and a crew of 110 men. This pamphlet seems to have been one of the sources used in the 1652 Hollandsche Mercurius list that was republished in The First Dutch War, Vol.I. The First Dutch War, Vol.III, page 47, has a letter from Tromp, dated November 16th, 1652, saying that he had ordered the Sint Jeronimus paid off. Dr. Elias, in Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.IV, page 27, sayst that the crew rebelled against going to sea in the Sint Jeronimus, and that was what prompted Tromp to order the ship paid off. The ship was apparently was unseaworthy. The date seems to have been about a week earlier than that reported in The First Dutch War. Dr. Elias is silent on the captain's name.

Dutch Captain: Johan Belgicus, graaf van Hoorne

Johan Belgicus, graaf van Hoorne, served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. He had been a midshipman in 1663 and a captain in 1666. In 1664, he had served under De Ruyter in the Mediterranean Sea and on the Guinea coast. In 1666, he commanded the Gelderland in the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle. In 1672, he fought in the Battle of Solebay, where he commanded the Westfriesland (78 guns). Later in 1672 until 1673, he served as a lieutenant-colonel of Marines on "the waterline". In 1674, he served under De Ruyter on the expedition to Martinique. He must have been serving as a marine or soldier, as he did not command a ship. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
3. J. C. Mollema, De Eere Rol, from Geschiedenis van Nederland ter Zee, Vol.II, 1940.

Dutch Captain: Floris Floriszoon Bloem

Floris Floriszoon Bloem served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In August 1665, he commanded the Groote Harder (38 guns). He was assigned to Cornelis Evertsen's squadron. In 1666, he commanded the Zon (or Vergulde Zon) (44 guns). this was the old ship built in 1640 that had seen hard service in the First Anglo-Dutch War, and at the Battle of the Sound in 1658. In 1666, he fought in the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle. At the Four Days' Battle, he was assigned to Abraham van der Hulst's division. In the St. James's Day Battle, he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. In July, 1667, he took part in the Raid on Harwich, where he again commanded the Groote Harder (32 guns). Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.
3. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.
4. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

Dutch Captain: Ariaen Heeres Cleijntie

I hope that I have not duplicated this, and I can't tell from Google. Thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel, we know more about Ariaen Heeres Cleijntie (there are many spellings of his name). He was born about 1610 and served in the VOC from the age of 18 until 1652. In early 1652, he was appointed to command the Vergulde Pelicaen (28 guns and a crew of 100 men) by the Harlingen Directors (in Friesland). He was present on Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July and August 1652. Later the war, in 1653, he commanded a different ship, the Sint Vincent. In April, he sailed with Witte de With, apparently from the Texel. He seems to have fought in the Battle of the Gabbard and the Battle of Scheveningen. He was with Witte de With's fleet in the convoy from Norway. His ship was lost in the storm. Sources:

1. Carl Stapel, personal communication, May 22, 2005.

2. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol. VI, 1930.

3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.

4. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

5. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

Dutch Captain: Adriaan Laurenszoon Poort

Adriaan Laurenszoon Poort served the Admiralty of the Maze. He had fought in the Four Days' Battle as second captain on Aert van Nes's flagship, the Eendracht (76 guns). He was probably in the St. James's Day Battle, as well. In May and June 1673, he fought in the Schooneveld battles, in command of the Schieland (60 guns). He also was at the Battle of the Texel, still in command of the Schieland (now carrying 58 guns). He was assigned to Isaak Sweer's division. In June 1674, he commanded the Schieland (60 guns) in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt,Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.
3. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.
4. H.A. van Foreest and R.E.J. Weber, De Vierdaagse Zeeslag 11-14 Juni 1666, 1984.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis van Hogenhoeck

Cornelis van Hogenhoeck (the spelling may vary) served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He fought in the Battle of Lowestoft in the Vereenigde Provinciën (48 guns). He also took part in operations in August. He commanded the Zuiderhuis (50 guns) in 1666. He fought in the Four Days' Battle in June and the St. James's Day Battle (July 25th 1666, old style). The Vereenigde Provinciën was an old ship, having been built in 1643. Her dimensions were 128ft x 31.5ft x 12ft. The Zuiderhuis was built in 1653, as part of the First Anglo-Dutch War building program. Her dimensions were 130ft x 32ft x 13.5ft. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

3. Frank Fox, A Distant Storm: the Four Days' Battle of 1666, 1996.

An obscure piece of information: Pieter Emmekens

Mr. Carl Stapel asked me if I had heard of Pieter Emmekins and the ship het Vliegende Postpaert. It turns out that the captain and ship are listed in the Staet van Oorlog te Water for the year 1629. That document is handwritten, and the names are often hard to read. I had guessed it was Pieter Emmeheis, but Emmekens seems very plausible. I had not seen a 3.5pdr gun listed before this. Jan Glete says that steenstukken were swivels:

Ship    Postpaert (or Vliegende Postpaert)
Captain Pieter Emmekens
18 guns crew 70 sailors

Admiralty of the Maze
built in 1624
a vessel of 90 lasts.
Guns: 4-8pdr, 2-6pdr, 6-5pdr, 4-4pdr, 2-3.5pdr, and 4-steenstukken.

Dutch Captain: Adriaan van Cruiningen

Adriaan van Cruiningen served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He commanded the frigate Ter Goes (30-34 guns) at the Battle of Lowestoft and in August 1665. He fought in the St. James's Day Battle, where he commanded the Dordrecht (49 guns). In 1671, he commanded the Veere (or Kampveere) (50 guns). He also fought in the Battle of Solebay, in May 1652, and continued in command in July and September 1672. That is the last that my sources mention him. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

Dutch Captain: Jan Crook (or Krook)

Jan Crook (or Krook) served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. In August 1665, he commanded the Jupiter (44 guns) in De Ruyter's squadron. In 1666, he commanded the Hollandsche Tuin (56 guns). He fought in the Four Days' Battle and the St. James's Day Battle. From 1671 to 1673, he commanded the Wapen van Alkmaar (or Alkmaar) (62-64 guns). In May and June, he fought in the Schooneveld battles. In August, he fought in the Battle of the Texel, where he was assigned to Jan de Liefde's division in De Ruyter's squadron. In June 1674, he commanded the Gelderland (56 guns) in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

3. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

I have an annotated list of Dutch ships at the Four Days' Battle

I have prepared a list of the Dutch ships at the Four Days' Battle that I hope to have posted at Kentishknock.com. Be patient, and I hope that it will eventually be there. I have annotated the list to indicate ships lost and captains and admirals killed. I also have the details of the crews (sailors, in some cases, marines, and soldiers). This list is ordered by admiralty and by ship type (ship of the line, frigate, yacht, and fireship).

Dutch Captain: Pieter de Liefde

Pieter de Liefde served the Admiralty of the Maze. He was son of Jan de Liefde. He was the second captain of the Zeven Provinciën at the Battle of the Texel in August 1673. He was also apparently at the Schooneveld battles, according to the journal entries in Dr. Bruijn's work. On De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique in June 1674, he commanded the Zeelandia (42 guns). the Zeelandia had been built in 1670, and had dimensions 130ft x 33ft x 14ft. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedrijif van den Heere Michiel de Ruiter, 1687.

3. J. R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

The Dutch Courts Martial after the Battle of Lowestoft

This spring, Mr. Carl Stapel had sent me the details of the captains that were court martialed after the Battle of Lowestoft. That still seems to be of interest, as can't be found in the usual published sources (Brandt and De Jonge). I have just done a bit of editing. He found the details in the Van den Bosch biography (pages 258-260) of Cornelis Tromp from 1692. It turns out that Cornelis Tromp was chairman of the Court Martial:

These are the captains (and admiral) tried by the court martial:

Sentenced to death by default (he defected to the English)
M  captain Laurens Heemskerk   -  frigate Vrede
 
Sentenced to death and shot:
VOC-captain Jan Onklaar           ship  Nieuwe Batavia
A  captain  Anthony van de Marre  ship Wakende Boei
N  captain Jacob Bruinings        ship Westfriesland
 
Sword broken before their eyes and shamed :
A  captain Willem van der Codde   ship IJlst frigate
A  capain  Jan van der Mars       ship Maagd van Enkhuizen
VOC capt  Apollony Pool           ship Sphera Mundi
 
Banned from the Republic and labelled unfit for service ever again:
N  captain  Samuel Huisman        ship Jupiter
M  captain  Jacob van der Cam     ship Gorinchem
M  steersman Ate Stinstra of the Groot Hollandia. He
    fled the fleet with this ship when Cortenaer died.
 
Johan Evertsen was cleared of any charges and freed.

Dutch Captain: Philips de Munnik

Philips de Munnik served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He commanded the Essen (or Wapen van Essen) through the Third Anglo-Dutch War. Thanks to Prof. Jan Glete, we know the length and beam of the Essen: 142ft x 36.75ft. Philips de Munnik fought at the Battle of Solebay in 1672. He is present in lists from July and September 1672. He also fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel in 1673. In 1674, he was with De Ruyter's fleet that was sent to Martinique. He commanded the Burg van Leiden, which was an old ship by then. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.

Dutch Captain: Gerrit Hollaer

This is from my translation of the piece in Dr. M. G. De Boer's book Tromp en de Armada van 1639 (1941):

Gerrit Hollaer, of Vlissingen, son of Marinus Hollaer, the victor in the battle of the Slaak, was commander of a frigate, presumably the "Ter Tholen". In the beginning of the campaign, he played a not unimportant role and was dispatched on 12 May to La Coruna to see what the situation was there. He captured a pair of Biscayan ships near Cape Ortegal by boarding. He was then sent home with his prizes under the command of Coulster. On 9 July, he is with the fleet, but disappears from our sight; he did not take part in the decisive fighting and did not take a prize; he does not appear on the booty list.

Hendrick Pieterszoon's ship in 1653

Mr. Carl Stapel saw a listing in A. Vreugdenhil's notes for the ship belonging to Hendrik Pieterszoon in 1653. The listing in Vol.I of The First Dutch War has him reporting to the Monnikendam directors. Dr. Elias, on p.94 of Vol.V of Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen has him commanding the Halve Maen that was captured at the Battle of the Gabbard. This is the note from Vreugdenhil:

F-dir Man van Eden ? guns  Hendrik Pietersz  1653

This indicates a ship belonging to directors from Friesland (Harlingen?).

Another "goodie" from Mr. Carl Stapel: the Dutch fleet at Vigo Bay

In the continuing series of information from Mr. Carl Stapel, this is the list of the Dutch fleet at Vigo Bay for the capture of the Spanish Silverfleet. I believe that this is more material from Captain Warnsinck's notes from the Scheepvaart Museum.

         Capture of the Silverfleet at Vigos  on 23 October 1702

10 States' ships of the line

Adm Built Ship              Guns  Commander
A   1696  Vrijheid          96    Lt-Admiral Philips van Almonde
N   1690  Beschermer        90    Lt-Admiral Gerard Callenburgh
M   1694  Zeven Provincien  90   Vice-Admiral Philips van der Goes
A   1692  Unie              94   SBN Jan Gerrit Baron van Wassenaar
M   1692  Dordrecht         72   Captain Barent van de Pot       
A   1692  Slot Muiden       72   Captain Philips Schrijver
A   1693  Reigersbergen     72   Captain Herman Lijnslager
A   1694  Katwijk           72   Captain Cornelis Beekman              
M   1688  Veluwe            64   Captain Willem Baron van Wassenaer van Starrenbeurg
A   1699  Amelia            64   Captain Lucas de Veth

Transport ships

M   1702*  Groote Visscherij -   commandeur ? Outshoorn
M   1702*  Sint Anthonie     -   commandeur ? Loodesteyn
A   1702*  Drie Kronen       -   commandeur ? Gravesteyn
A   1702*  Admiraal Tromp    -   commandeur ? Rombouts
A   1702*  Zwarte Raven      -   commandeur Ernst Louis Zhum
A   1702*  Vergulde Roos     -   commandeur Hendrik Ravens
A   1702*  Eendracht         -   commandeur Simon J. de Jongh
N   1702*  Veermans Kaai     -   commandeur Speelman
F   1702*  Stad Amsterdam    -   commandeur ? Guiter

The 15 Dutch three-deckers built between 1682 and 1695

Mr. Carl Stapel had sent me the list of 15 Dutch three-deckers built during 1682 and 1695 as part of their building program. I have seen various versions of this list. This one originates from a Mariner's Mirror article by R. C. Anderson from 1929. This is probably not available on the Internet, so this is the list. I have annotated it slightly:

Dutch three-deckers.

R.C. Anderson wrote a paper in the MM 1929
nr. 1 pag 5-14 about Dutch Three Deckers. He
mentions that there were 15 built from the
period 1682-1695

Adm Year  Name
Z   1682  Zeelandia, 90 guns
N   1682  Westfriesland, 90 guns
M   1683  Admiraal-Generaal
A   1683  Prinses Maria, 92 guns
A   1687  Prins Willem
Z   1688  Koning Willem, 90 guns
N   1688  Kasteel van Medemblik
A   1689  Keurvorst van Brandenburg
A   1689  Keurvorstin van Brandenburg
A   1689  Keurvorst van Saksen
N   1690  Beschermer, 90 guns
M   1691  Beschermer     
A   1692  Unie, 94 guns
M   1694  Zeven Provincien, 90 guns
A   1695  Vrijheid, 96 guns

Dutch Captain: Jan Janszoon de Jongh

Jan Janszoon de Jongh served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. If he was the "Jan de Jong" mentioned by Brandt, then he was the commander of the Kat (8 guns and a crew of 18 men) in 1671. If that is true, then he would have commanded the Damiaten (34 guns) at Solebay in 1672. In early 1673, Prof. Bruijn says that he commanded the frigate Oudkarspel (34 guns), which Brandt had written was commanded by "Jan de Jong". He was given command of the Provincie van Utrecht (60 guns) from June 7, 1673. He still commanded the Provincie van Utrecht at the Battle of the Texel. Andrew writes that Jan Janszoon de Jongh commanded the Oostergo with Tromp's squadron off the coast of France. I had seen a reference to Jan Janszoon de Jongh at De Sneuper, but had thought it might be a different man with the same name, as this is Admiralty of Friesland-related. Jan Janszoon de Jongh commanded the Provincie van Utrecht in 1675 and 1676. He fought in the Battles of Stromboli, Agosta (Etna), and Palermo (Andrew says). Sources:

1. personal communication from Andrew,
2. piece about the Damiaten from Mr. Carl Stapel,
3. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.
4. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

The Amsterdam ship Hollandia (1665)

Thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel, who sent us a piece about the Amsteram ship Hollandia (1665). This is based on a rare pamphlet from 1913. This is my translation of his piece:

Amsterdam  Hollandia:  165ft  x 41-3/4ft  x 15-1/4ft  80 guns  In service from 1665-1683

Ship of the 1st Charter; Admiralty shipyard in Amsterdam   lauched in 1665        

 80 guns: 10-24pdr; 18-18pdr; 28-12pdr; 20-6pdr and 4-6pdr

   Date  Commander              Guns Sailors Soldiers  Notes
   1665  Michiel de Ruyter      80                     Cruising in the North Sea
   1666  Cornelis Tromp         80   475               In the Texel roads
 6/1666  Cornelis Tromp         80   400     50        Four Days Battle                 
         Hendrik Hondius flag captain
 8/1666  Cornelis Tromp         80   373     36        Two Days Battle 
                                                       (St James Day)
         Hendrik Hondius flag  captain
9/1666  Willem Baron van Ghent  80                     Cruising in the North Sea
6/1667  Willem van der Zaan     80   400     40        Raid on Chatham
7/1667  Willem van der Zaan     80   380     40        Failed attack on Harwich
  1671  Isaac Sweers Vice-Adm   80   350     61        Patrolling in the Channel
6/1673  Jan den Haen SBN        80   348     78        Schooneveld I
6/1673  Jan den Haen SBN                               Schooneveld II
8/1673  Jan den Haen SBN                               Kijkduin (the Texel)
  1674  Cornelis Tromp Lt-Adm   82                     expedition to 
                                                        the French coast
11/1678 Cornelis Evertsen 
              de Jonge V.Adm    80                     Expedition to 
                                                        the Mediterranean Sea
1678-1682 Laid up in the Amsterdam dock in the naval magazine at IJ.                       
  1683  Willem Graaf van Stirum  V.A. 
                                80                     Expedition to Gothenburg
19/11/1683  The ship was lost in a heavy storm on the Dutch coast.

Fate: On the way back from Gothenburg in 1683 the ship was assaulted by a for days by a constant heavy storm which caused the ship to lose its head and barge. The masts had be cut down and the stern and side rails came apart from each other. The ship started to slowly work. The crew fired distress signals and during a quieter moment a full meeting occurred with the ship Moriaans Hoofd under command of Daniel Elsevier. Just a moment later the ship disappeared in the waves somewhere near the coast of North-Holland. Source: G.C.E. Crone, ’s Lands Schip Hollandia 1664-1683, 1913.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Loncke

Cornelis Loncke served the Admiralty of Zeeland. In the First Anglo-Dutch War, he commanded the Faam (30 guns and a crew of 110 men). In the summer of 1652, he was with De Ruyter's fleet engaged in convoying in the Channel. He fought in the Battle of Plymouth on August 26, 1652. He was assigned to De Ruyter's squadron in that battle. He fought in the Battle of the Kentish Knock on October 8, 1652. He was probably still in De Ruyter's squadron. On December 10, 1652, he fought in the Battle of Dungeness, where he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. In the Three Days Battle (the Battle of Portland), he was assigned to Jan Evertsen's squadron. His ship was captured by the English in the last battle. He was apparently captured with his ship. Sources:

1. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

2. Michael Baumber, General-at-Sea, 1989.

3. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.IV, 1927.

4. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

Another version of the list of De Ruyter's fleet in 1674

This is a different list for De Ruyter's fleet that went to Martinique in 1674 from Mr. Carl Stapel. I took the liberty of further annotating the list. I'm not sure if there are any differences with what I had posted from Brandt:

Ships of the line and frigates:

Adm ship             Year Guns Sailors Soldiers Captain

M   Zeven Provincien 1665 80   486     80       luit-adm-gen Michiel de Ruyter
Z   Zierikzee        1665 60   305     85       vice-adm Cornelis Evertsen de Jonge 
A   Spiegel          1663 70   296     83       S B N Engel de Ruyter
A   Bescherming      1665 50   188     91       Pieter de Sitter
(or Berschermer)
A   Burgh van Leiden 1653 44                    Philips de Munnik
N   Caleb            1654 46   198     33       Jan Muys
A   Damiaten,frigate 1663 34    96     72       Cornelis van der Zaan
Z   Delft, frigate   1664 32   120     89       Adriaan Banckert       
A   ’t Geloof      c.1661 58   183  99          Thomas Tobias
N   Gelderland       1654 56   237  41          Jan Krook
N   Jupiter          1653 40   166  31          Pieter Bakker
A   Oosterwijk            56   206  98          Pieter van Middelandt
A   Provincie van Utrecht 60   198 111          Johan de Witte
M   Schieland             60   202  60          Adriaan Poort
A   Tijdverdrijf          52   197  11          Graaf van Stierum
M   Utrecht               36   128  41          Barent Rees  
Z   Vlissingen       1653 50   220  70          Karel van der Putten
M   Zeelandia             42   183  61          Pieter de Liefde

Fireships

A   Groene Draak           4    22              Willem Willemsz
A   Leidster               4    18              Jan van Campen
M   Louisa                                      Jan Danielsz van den Rijn
M   Maria                                       Dirk de Munnik
A   Zaaier                 4    20              Cornelis Boermans
A   Zalm                   4    20              Arent Ruighaver

Snaauwen
A   Bonten Haan            8    36    0         Zeger Potter
Z   Bruinvis
M   Faam                   -     -   14         Jacob Hoek
M   De Griffioen           -     -   10         Evert de Liefde
A   Hoen                  12    45    0         Klaas Poortugaal
A   Tonijn                 8    28    0         Philips Melkenbeeke

Dutch Naval Officer: Frederik Willem van Bronckhorst Stirum

Frederik Willem van Bronckhorst Stirum lived from July 1649 until 16 July 1722. Brandt called him "Frans Willem Graaf van Stierum". He died at Borculo. He was lord of Gelre. He served in the Venetian service in 1669. He was with Willem III on his expedition to England in 1688. His early career was with the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In June 1674, he commanded the Tijdverdrijf (52 guns) on De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique. In July 1675, he commanded the Leeuwen (50 guns). He was with De Ruyter's fleet that was sent to the Mediterranean Sea. Andrew says that he fought in the Battles of Stromboli, Agosta (Etna), and Palermo in 1676. He was a luitenant-ter-zee in 1669. In 1671, he was promoted to kapitein-luitenant-ter-zee (commander). In 1674, he was promoted to kapitein-ter-zee. On 24 December 1678, he was appointed as a Schout-bij-Nacht for the Admiralty of Amsterdam. On 14 June 1680, he was appointed as Vice-Admiraal for the Admiralty of the Maze. On 26 March 1692, the Admiralty of Friesland appointed him as Luitenant-Admiraal. This is mainly based on the short biography in Luc Eekhout's Het Admiralenboek, but is supplemented from Brandt's biography of De Ruyter.

Dutch Captain: Pieter Klaaszoon Dekker

Pieter Klaaszoon Dekker served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1671, he commanded the Kater (8 guns and a crew of 18 men). He commanded the frigate Bommel (24 guns) and fought in the Battle of Solebay. In 1673, he commanded the Wakende Kraan (44 guns). He fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel (Kijkduin). He was assigned to Cornelis Tromp's squadron. Andrew probably knows more about Pieter Dekker than I do, and he writes that Pieter Klaaszoon Dekker commanded the Province Utrecht (56 guns, 315 men) in the Channel squadron in 1689. He fought at the Battle of Beachy Head (1690) as captain of the Wapen van Utrecht (64 guns). "In 1692 he commanded the ship Leiden (64 guns) at the battle of Barfleur (May 1692)". The quote is from him, as well as the information for the 1680's and 90's. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Gerard Brandt, Het Leven en Bedryf van den Heere Michiel De Ruiter, 1687.
3. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis van der Zaan

Cornelis van der Zaan served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He lived from about 1640 until 1691. In 1671, he commanded the advice jacht Galei (12 guns and a crew of 50 men). He 1672, he commanded the jacht Brak (24 guns) that had been completed in 1666. He seems to have fought in the Battle of Solebay. He commanded the 60 gun ship Amsterdam in 1673, and fought in the Schooneveld battles and the Battle of the Texel. He was assigned to Cornelis Tromp's division in the Battle of the Texel. He commanded the frigate Damiaten in De Ruyter's expedition to Martinique in 1674. In July 1675, he commanded the frigate Edam (34 guns). Andrew says that he fought at Stromboli, Agosta (Etna), and Palermo in 1676. In 1686. he commanded the Harderwijk (46 guns). Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Jaap R. Bruijn, De Oorlogvoering ter zee in 1673 in Journalen en Andere Stukken, 1966.

Dutch Captain: Willem Janszoon Stoffelszoon

Willem Janszoon Stoffelszoon fought in the Battle of the Sound in 1658. He commanded one of two ships hired by the city of Amsterdam. His ship was the Cogge (sometimes called Boge or Kogge). The Cogge carried 40 guns and had a crew of 109 sailors and 30 soldiers. Prof. Jan Glete established last year, by examining the literature, that the two ships, Cogge and Waag, which always had been something of a mystery, were hired by the city of Amsterdam for this voyage. Prof. Glete had immediately thought that Cogge and Waag sounded like names for merchant ships, which proved to be the case. Captain Stoffelszoon seems to have been assigned to Witte de With's van squadron. Sources:

1. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Sowie der Schwedisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1658-1659, 1923.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2004.

3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

Dutch captain Jacob Claeszoon Boet's ship

Dr. Ballhausen read Jodocus Hondius's book Onstelde-Zee, Oft Zee-Daden (1654) Dr. Ballhausen cites page 82 from that book as the reference for Jacob Claeszoon Boet's ship being the Leeuwin (32 guns and a crew of 115 men). The Leeuwin was a Monnikendam Directors's ship carrying 4-brass and 28-iron guns. If this is correct, then the ship at the Battle of Portland was not the Zeeland Director's ship, but this one. My list lists Jacob Claeszoon Boet's ship, with reservations, as being the Leeuwin.

Dutch Captain: Maarten Schaeff

Maarten Schaeff served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In the summer of 1652, he commanded the hired ship Engel (28 guns and a crew of 100 men). When that ship was paid off, he was given command of the States' ship Omlandia (30 guns and a crew of 100 men). Dr. Ballhausen suggested that Maarten Schaeff fought that the Battle of the Gabbard. That is probably true as the Omlandia was one fo the few ships mentioned by name that was lying at Vlissingen on July 2, 1653, following the Battle of the Gabbard. Maarten Schaeff very likely had relieved Jacob Troucquois as captain in early 1653. The Omlandia was one of the Amsterdam ships sunk at that Battle of Scheveningen. By July 1654, he was in command of the Vereenigde Provinciën. This was one of the ships that was carrying a lighter armament than normal during 1654. The 32 guns consisted of 4-24pdr, 14-12pdr, 10-8pdr, and 4-6pdr. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2004.

3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

4. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships at the Battle of the Gabbard", 2003.

5. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.V, 1928.

Dutch Captain: Leendert Arentszoon de Jager

Dr. Ballhausen says that Leendert Arentszoon de Jager served the Admiralty of Rotterdam. He commanded the fireship Orangieboom at the Battle of Plymouth, under the command of Michiel de Ruyter. His was one of the fireships sent home after joining the main fleet, as they were in poor condition and not fit to be with the fleet. This seems to be the extent of what we know about Leendert Arentszoon de Jager. There also seems to be some confusion about his name, at least in Witte de With's dispatch. He called him "Hendrick Arendsz. Sanger". Sources:

1. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

2. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

The Scheepvaart Museum has a "gold mine" of good information

Mr. Carl Stapel was able to view the notes of Captain J. C. M. Warnsinck and A. Vreugdenhil at the Scheepvaart museum. I have two documents that he sent me, based on Captain Warnsinck's notes. The latest is a list of the ships in the Dutch fleet that sailed from Spithead on June 28th, 1695 to bombard Dunkirk. The other is a list of Dutch ships at the Battle of La Hougue on June 2, 1692. This list, for example, shows De Ruyter's old flagship, the Zeven Provinciën with 76 guns and commanded by Evert de Liefde.

Dutch Captain: Jan Noblet

Jan Noblet served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. In 1652, he commanded one of the 100 ships hired by the admiralties in 1652. The actual number hired never was 100, but that was specified by the action taken by the States General. He commanded the 24-gun ship Land van Beloften (Promised Land). In July, he was part of the fishery protection squadron that was operating off the east coast of Britain. His ship was taken on July 22nd. There were 12 ships taken or sunk on that day. The last we hear of Jan Noblet was in 1659, when he commanded the ship Orangieboom (36 guns and a crew of 140 men). He was with Michiel De Ruyter's fleet sent to the Sound in 1659. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.
3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
4. G. L. Grove, Journalen van de Admiralen Van Wassenaer-Obdam (1658/59) en De Ruyter (1659/60), 1907.

Dutch Captain: Corstiaen Eldertszoon

Corstiaen Eldertszoon (or Elberszoon) served the Admiralty of Rotterdam. He commanded one of the 100 ships hired by the Admiralties in 1652. He ship, the Roskam, carried 26 guns and had a crew of 105 men. The Roskam was one of the 116ft x 27ft x 11ft ships built in 1639. He took part in Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July and August 1652. While on the voyage, he took a smack carrying ashes for glass blowing. He apparently fought in the Battle of Dungeness. He was one of the captains that was to be sent to convoy ships to Nantes. He also fought in the Battle of Scheveningen, according to Dr. Ballhausen. He references Aitzema, Vol.III, page 833. My copy is hard to read, but I obviously need to take the time to study this page in the book. In early November 1653, the Roskam and three other ships came out of the Meuse to meet Witte de With and the merchant fleet he was escorting. They were eventually caught in the great storm, but apparently the Roskam survived. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol. VI, 1930.

2. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2004.

4. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

5. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.V, 1928.

6. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

7. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.VI, 1930.

Dutch Captain: Adriaan Corneliszoon van Ackersloot

Adriaan Corneliszoon van Ackersloot served the Amsterdam Directors during 1653. He commanded the ship Moor, of which we know the following:

• Length: 137ft
• Beam: 31ft
• Hold: 13-1/2ft
• Height between decks: 7ft
• Guns: 34, consisting of 20-12pdr, 12-6pdr, and 2-3pdr

The Moor was first listed on 28 January 1653. She may well have participated in the Battles of Portland, the Gabbard, and was definitely at Scheveningen. Captain van Ackersloot was assigned to Michiel De Ruyter's squadron at Scheveningen, and may have been as well, at the Gabbard. He was accused of deserting the fleet at Scheveningen.

Dutch Captain: Jan Janszoon Boermans

Jan Janszoon Boermans served the Admiralty of Amsterdam during the First Anglo-Dutch War. at the beginning of the war, he was assigned to Witte de With's squadron. He commanded the Prins Willem (28 guns and a crew of 100 men) until her loss in late 1653. He took part in Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July-August 1652 and survived the storm. He seems to have missed the battles in 1652, but seems to have fought in the Battle of Portland. We believe that he fought in the battles of the Gabbard and Scheveningen. That assessment is based on a notation on the list of ships lying at Vlissingen (and at the Texel and Goeree) in July 1653. The Prins Willem was one of the few ships actually named, although as the "Oude Prins". In October 1653, Jan Janszoon Boermans was with Witte de With and Michiel De Ruyter on the convoying mission from Norway to home waters. The Prins Willem was one of the ships lost in the storm. Witte de With had warned the authorities that the risk was great, but he was ordered to conduct the mission despite his warning. The storm caused as many losses a losing a battle to the English. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol. VI, 1930.
3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
4. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
5. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

Dutch Captain: Dirck Pater

Dirck Pater started the First Anglo-Dutch War serving with the Amsterdam Directors. He commanded the Blauwe Arend (28 guns). In early 1652, his lieutenant was Hendrick Hendrickszoon Hon. The ship's dimensions were 127ft x 28.5ft x 12.25ft. The height between decks was 6ft-10in. The guns carried on November 8th, 1652, were: 4-brass 18pdr, 8-12pdr, 8-8pdr, 6-6pdr, and 2-3pdr. In November 1652, he was operating with 8 other ships against smugglers in the Sound. He was not present at the Battle of the Gabbard, where the Blauwe Arend was accused of fleeing the battle. He ended the war in command of Boëtius Schaeff's former ship Hoop. He had commanded the Hoop in the Battle of Scheveningen. Source:

1. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Directors' Ship Information 1652-1653”, 2004.

3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

4. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

I hope to be able to offer color posters of some of my ship paintings

I have hopes that I will be able to offer color posters of some of my paintings (and possibly, drawings). They would only be digital prints of images, but that is superior to what was previously possible. I would like to have posters of my Zeven Provinciën picture and of the Brederode painting.

Dutch Captain: Willem Adriaanszoon Warmont

Willem Adriaanszoon Warmont served the Admiralty of the Maze (Rotterdam). Her was the stuurman (quartermaster) on the ship Gorcum in the Battle of the Kentish Knock, when his captain Jan Jacobszoon van Nes de Oude Boer Jaep and his son Andries van Nes with about 30 of the crew, and the ship was captured by the English. Apparently, those still on board caused the English to abandon the ship by setting a fuse to gunpowder under the deck. Warmont "perserved the floor". He apparently was then promoted to command the ship. Dr. Ballhausen writes that he fought in the Battle of Portland, presumably in the Gorcum. There is a mangled reference to Willem Adriaanszoon, so this is probably the case. He may also have fought in the Battle of the Gabbard, but there is no strong evidence that is the case. The only information we have is the list of ships at Vlissingen in July 1653, which has a list (but not ship names) of ships at the Battle of the Gabbard. He definitely commanded the ship Gorcum (or Gorinchem) in the Battle of Scheveningen. He was killed in the battle during the late morning. This seems to have been when several captains and ships were lost. Sources:

1. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.

2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships at the Battle of the Gabbard", 2003.
3. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.IV, 1927.

Dutch Captain: Pieter Schellinger

Pieter Schellinger served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. At the beginning of the First Anglo-Dutch War, he commanded the Stad van Medemblick, one of the 36 cruisers funded in 1651. Initially, the Stad van Medemblick carried 26 guns and had a crew of 100 men, but later, she carried 30 guns and had a crew of 110 men. In July and August 1652, he was with Tromp's fleet on he voyage to the Shetlands. The Resolutions of the States General mentions Captain Schellinger as being at the Battle of the Kentish Knock. Dr. Ballhausen mentions him, as well, although that is not a reference that would ordinarily impress me. More likely, he was in the Baltic under the command of Augustijn Balck. Certainly, at the end of November 1652, he was one of 15 ships and their captains engaged in convoying in the winter season of long nights. As they set sail for the Baltic on October 29th, perhaps he could have been at the Kentish Knock and the voyage to the Baltic. He definitely fought in the Battle of the Gabbard, where his ship was captured by the English. We suspect that he was killed in the battle. Dr. Ballhausen lists him as being at the following battles and operations (new style dates):

• Battle of Dover on May 29th, 1652,
• Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July-August 1652,
• Battle of the Kentish Knock on October 8th, 1652,
• Battle of the Gabbard on June 12-13, 1652

Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.

2. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.

3. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

4. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.III, 1925.

5. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.IV, 1927.

6. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.V, 1928.

7. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

8. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

Dutch Captain: Johannes Regermorter

Johannes Regermorter commanded a 30-gun ship hired by the Middelburg Directors. He seems to have fought in the Battle off Dover on May 29, 1652. In July and August, he was with Tromp's fleet on the voyage to the Shetlands, when the fleet was ravaged by a storm. In mid-August 1652, he was assigned to Witte de With's squadron. In December, he reported that Blake's fleet was on the Flemish coast. He seems to have fought in the Battle of the Kentish Knock. At the Battle of Dungeness, he was in Jan Evertsen's squadron. He fought in the Battle of Portland, where he was killed. Prior to his death, he had rescued Captain Cleydyck and most of his crew, when Cleydyck's ship was sunk. His ship carried his body back to Zeeland, as part of the 17 ships that sailed to Vlissingen after the battle. We wondered if his ship might have been the Leeuwin, a Directors ship that was known to have been at the Battle of Portland, according to Hondius. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.

2. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

3. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.IV, 1927.

4. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.

5. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.II, 1900.

6. Dr. S. R. Gardiner, and C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.III, 1906.

7. Jodocus Hondius, Onstelde-Zee, Oft Zee-Daden, 1654.

Dutch Captain: Dirck Claeszoon van Dongen

Dutch captain Dirck Claeszoon van Dongen took part in the summer campaign leading up to the Battle of the Downs in 1639. On October 3rd, he was assigned to a squadron with captains Cornelis Engelen Silvergieter, Waterdrincker, Frans Janszoon, Forant, Regermorter, Commandeur Johan Hendrickszoon de Nijs, De Zeeuw, Juynbol, and Melcknap. He also took part in the council of war on October 8th. At the start of the Battle on 13 October, he was in Tromp's squadron. He commanded "a buss-convoyer from the Maas". Sources:

1. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.
2. Charles R. Boxer, The Journal of Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp Anno 1639, 1930.

Dutch Captain: Robbert Post

Robbert Post commanded the ship Deventer during the campaign against the Spanish Armada in 1639 that led up to the Battle of the Downs. The Deventer was a substantial ship, being 250 lasts. The Deventer carried 32 guns and had a crew of 120 men. The Deventer had been built by the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1636, Jacob Brouwer had been her commander. He was succeeded by Govert Gerritszoon Voorens from June 1637 up until 1639. Due to Govert Vooren's problems, partly created by his bad relations with Witte de With, Robbert Post commanded the Deventer at the Battle of the Downs. A 250-last ship could have been 130ft x 32ft x 13ft. We really can't know the exact dimensions due to the uncertain way that lasts were calculated or measured. The "factor" could vary widely. I know of examples that vary between 217 and 233 or greater. There are a few examples where the factor is claimed to be less than 200. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
2. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.
3. Dr. F. Graefe, De Kapiteinsjaren van Maerten Harpertszoon Tromp, 1938.

Dutch Captain: Jan Teuniszoon Sluys

Jan Teuniszoon Sluys served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He seemingly only served from April 1637 until 25 August 1645. He was involved in the entire campaign in 1639 leading up to the Battle of the Downs. He had the honour of taking the first prize in that battle. He had been given the nickname of the Boer Jaap, which we had seen used to describe two men in the Van Nes family. This led to confusion over identities. In 1641, he was with a squadron that took Prins Willem and other dignitaries over to England for the Prince's marriage to Mary Stuart. Captain Sluys transported 24 of the passengers. He apparently died on 25 August 1645. Barent Cramer had hoped to be given command of the Walcheren, but was given the old ship of Captain Toelast, instead. The Walcheren was a ship of 180 lasts, with 28 guns and a crew of 110 men. Captain Sluys took command of the Walcheren from the previous captain Pieter Meeuwszoon Vloo. Sources:

1. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.

2. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Duinkerkers, 1949.

Dutch Captain: Willem van Brederode

Willem van Brederode served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He initially served in the army. When the so-called Nassau fleet planned to attack Spanish colonies on the west coast of America, the ship had five companies of 120 soldiers on board. These were commanded by Willem van Brederode. Apparently, Witte Corneliszoon de With was along, as well. In 1624, there is a note in the Resolutions of the Admiralty of Amsterdam noting that of 16 candidates, 8 would be appointed as captains. Willem van Brederode was one of those appointed, and his first command was the Witte Leeuw, a vessel of 110 lasts and a crew of 70 sailors. He continued to command the Witte Leeuw during 1627 and 1628. One December, his crew refused to go to sea. The beginning of his career was unhappy. Two weeks later, he was appointed an ordinary captain and given command of a new ship that was being fitted out for sea. In 1629, he commanded the Gouda, a ship of 200 lasts with a crew of 90 sailors. In 1630, he lost a ship, for which he was held accountable. In 1636, he was appointed to command the Utrecht. This was a ship of 200 lasts with either 30 or 32 guns. In 1639, he served during the campaign leading up to the Battle of the Downs. He seems to have died, as Jacob Meyndertszoon van Uyl was brought to command his ship. Much of this description is based on my translation of the entry in Dr. De Boer's book Tromp en de Armada van 1639. Sources:

1. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.

2. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.

3. Dr. F. Graefe, De Kapiteinsjaren van Maerten Harpertszoon Tromp, 1938.

Dutch Captain: Claes Corneliszoon Ham

Claes Corneliszoon Ham lived from about 1600 until 1647. From 1636 until 1638, he served the Hoorn Directors. In 1639, he commanded the ship Sampson (32 guns and a crew of 120 men). He fought in the Battle of the Downs under Tromp's command. Charles Boxer's book is almost useless, as he seems to continually confuse Claes Corneliszoon Ham with Claes Janszoon Ham, who served the Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. Claes Corneliszoon Ham seems to have been engaged in convoying in 1642. Claes Corneliszoon Ham was part of the expedition to the Sound under Thijssen in 1644. He was appointed Captain-at-Sea in 169 by the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1644, he was appointed as a temporary Vice-Admiral. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, Naval Wars in the Baltic, 1910.

2. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Armada van 1639, 1941.

3. Dr. M.G. De Boer, Tromp en de Duinkerkers, 1949.

4. Luc Eekhout, Het Admiralenboek: De Vlagofficieren van de Nederlandse marine 1382-1991, 1992.

Dutch Captain: Hendrick de Raedt

Hendrick de Raedt served the Amsterdam Directors during the First Anglo-Dutch War. Hendrick de Raedt commanded the ship Zwarte Leeuw (28 guns) hired by the Amsterdam Directors. He may have assumed command as early as March 1652. He was very likely present at the Battle off Dover on May 29th, 1652, under Tromp's command. He was also with the fleet on the Voyage to the Shetlands in July and August. His letter listing captains in the fleet, as well as a description of the aftermath was published as a pamphlet. In mid-December, he was sent to the Sound and the Danish ports with Barent Cramer as the commandeur, along with Joris de Caulerij and Frederick de Coninck to convoy Dutch merchant ships and to protect them against privateers. In May 1653, Hendrick de Raedt was operating under Evert Anthonissen's command (Hollandia, 32 guns) engaged in convoying along with Frederick de Coninck (Groote Vergulde Fortuijn, 35 guns), Barent Cramer (Edam, 28 guns). They were ordered to the Texel. Local defense in the Vlie roads would be provided by the Samson (Hendrick Adriaanszoon) and the Purmerland (Andries Sijvertszoon). Hendrick de Raedt very likely fought in the Battle of Scheveningen. He also seems to have been with Witte de With's convoying fleet sent to Norway in October, and survived the storm. Sources:

1. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.

2. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol. VI, 1930.

3. Dr. Carl Ballhausen, Der Erste Englisch-Höllandische Seekrieg 1652-1654, 1923.

4. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.II, 1923.

5. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de Geschiedenis van ons Zeewezen, Vol.III, 1925.

6. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.V, 1928.

7. Johan E. Elias, Schetsen uit de geschiedenis van ons zeewezen, Vol.VI, 1930.

My updated translation of the piece on Hans Bournon (thanks to Marco Schuffelen)

Marco Schuffelen (of "Hear Dutch") helped me with my translation problems with the piece on Hans Bournon. Here is my latest attempt at a translation:

Hans Bournon served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He was in the second expedition sent against Spain from 12 November 1626 to 10 July 1627. He commanded the ship Roode Leeuw, a vessel of 150 lasts. A ship of that size would be about 116ft x 27ft x 11ft. The crew was 100 sailors. He had been present in Haultain's expedition to the Mediterranean Sea from 1620-1621 and in 1623 he defended his convoy against a superior Dunkirk force and drove them off. In February 1624, he shot a Dunkerker and caused such a severe leak that the ship was stranded on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and broke up and so was lost. In 1625, he served in the fleet commanded by Haultain that aided Louis XIII in his fight with Rochelle. In 1627, he fought 8 Dunkirk privateers and escaped with his ship and crew. On 10 September 1627, he was accused of cowardice for abandoning the herring buses. This is based on the information and biography in the document sent to me by Mr. Carl Stapel: "Tweede Nederlandsche Engelse vloot in 12 november 1626 tot 10 juli 1627 naar Spanje".

The sentence of interest is the one about February 1624. The shot caused such a severe leak that the ship was stranded and broke up.

Dutch Captain: Cornelis Melcknap

This is based on my translation of the listing in Dr. De Boer's book Tromp en de Armada van 1639:

Cornelis Melcknap was a convoyer of the admiralty of the Noorderkwartier. He seems to not have been present in the early fighting. He first came to the fleet on October 2nd [1639]. He must have been experienced, as Tromp had him present, as well as Van Galen and Houtebeen, in the council of war. Possibly a nickname plays a part, and he only appears to be listed instead of a well-known commander.

Dutch Captain: Claes (Nicolaes) Janszoon (or Janssen)

Claes (or Nicolaes) Janszoon (or Janssen) served the Admiralty of Zeeland. Dr. De Boer mentions him in conjunction with the campaign leading up to the Battle of the Downs (as Claes Janssen). He definitely fought in the Battle of Portland. As Jodocus Hondius mentions the Leeuwen in his account of the battle, he very likely commanded that ship in the battle. In 1653, he commanded the ship Leeuwen (or Leeuwin), which was Jan Everten's flagship for a period in the spring of 1653. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
3. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript "Dutch Ships 1600-1700", 2005.
4. Jodocus Hondius, Onstelde-Zee, Oft Zee-Daden, 1654.

Dutch Captain: Govert Reael

Govert Reael served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He commanded the ship Leeuwarden (36 guns) during the First Anglo-Dutch War. He had taken part in Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July-August 1652. After the storm, the Leeuwarden was lying in what they called "Wester-baey". He seems to have been at the Battle of Portland, and in April 1653, was operating with Witte de With's squadron. He was likely at the Battle of the Gabbard, and was certainly at the Battle of Scheveningen. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. C.T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.V, 1912.
3. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.
4. Hendrick de Raedt, pamphlet about Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in 1652, dating from 1652. This is held by the Prins Hendrick Maritime Museum in Rotterdam.

Dutch Captain: Gijsbert Malcontent

Gijsbert Malcontent served the Enkhuizen Directors in the First Anglo-Dutch War. He commanded a ship that carried 28 guns and had a crew of 110 men. He took part in Tromp's voyage to the Shetlands in July and August 1652. He was present at the Councils of War prior to leaving for the Shetlands and after the storm. He fought at the Battle of Portland, where his ship was captured on the second day and he was killed. He had been Paulus Coolen's lieutenant on the Noorderkwartier ship Eendracht (41 guns) on Witte de With's ill-fated relief expedition to Brazil. His is one of the names that Marco Schuffelen pronounces on his website. Sources:

1. C. T. Atkinson, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.IV, 1910.
2. James C. Bender, unpublished manuscript “Dutch Captains”, 2005.
3. Dr. S.R. Gardiner, Ed., The First Dutch War, Vol.I, 1898.
4. W.J. van Hoboken, Witte de With in Brazilië, 1648-1649. Amsterdam 1955.

English Captain: Thomas Whetstone

Thomas Whetstone served in the Commonwealth Navy. From 1656 to 1658, he commanded the 4th Rate Phoenix. He served under Blake's command in the Mediterranean Sea in 1656 and 1657. From 1658 to 1659, he commanded the 3rd Rate Fairfax. He entered the Mediterranean Sea in January 1658, under the command of Captain Stoakes,who was Admiral. Sources:

1. R. C. Anderson, List of English Naval Captains 1642-1660, 1964.

2. William Laird Clowes, The Royal Navy: A History from the Earliest Times to the Present, Vol.II, 1898.

3. J. R. Powell, Ed., The Letters of Robert Blake, 1937.

Tromp with Piet Hein from April to June 1629

Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp served as Piet Hein's flag captain from April to June 1629. His ship was the Groene Draeck, a ship of 220 lasts. The crew consisted of 95 sailors and 30 soldiers. The guns carried were bronze (or brass) cannons: 2-chambered 36pdr, 2-24pdr (half cartouwen), 2-12pdr; and iron guns: 16-8pdr and 4-6pdr. This is listed in the Staet van Oorlog te Water de anno 1629. I had not realized this, but this list was published in Aanwinsten 1901 XXXV nr.8. I have found it a valuable aid. I happen to have microfilm, scanned to images, from the original handwritten list. I would think that having a good printed text copy would be helpful. It would save having to decipher the handwriting. My translation of the account in Dr. Graefe's book:

In the spring of 1629, Tromp took command of another ship, the Groene Draeck, of 200 lasts and ared with 26 guns, with a crew of 95 sailors and 30 soldiers. In 1625, the Groene Draeck had become commanded by Jasper Liefhebber, andwhen he had been promoted to Vice-Admiral of the Maze in April 1628, it had flown his flag. Jasper Liefhebber wrote in May 1625 that the Groene Draeck was the best ship of the Admiralty of the Maze.

Marco Schuffelen's new webpage for pronouncing Dutch ship and naval officer names

Marco Schuffelen has much more on his new site "Hear Dutch Here" than just Dutch ship and naval officer names, but my primary interest is in these. He kindly added names when I had inquired as to their pronunciation.

Some information from 1638 or so

Dr. M.G. De Boer's book Het Proefjaar van Maarten Harpertsz. Tromp 1637-1639 (1946) has some pieces of information that might be useful. For example, the ship Zeekalf, Breda, Gideon, the jacht Bommel, and the Engel Gabriël were deemed to be not very useful, and they needed to be replaced. From another book, that by Dr. F. Graefe, De Kapiteinsjaren van Maerten Harpertszoon Tromp (1938) some details about those ships:

• Zeelkalf, Admiraliteit van Rotterdam, built in 1622, 200 lasts, 4 brass and 24 iron guns, crew of 90 sailors and 20 soldiers, commanded by Sijbert Vijgh
• Breda, Admiraliteit van Friesland, 24 guns, crew of 80 sailors and 20 soldiers, commanded by Hendrick Janszoon Camp
• Gideon, Admiraliteit van Friesland, 96 lasts, 22 guns, crew 50 sailors and 20 soldiers, commanded by Tjaart Rijenx de Groot
• jacht Bommel, Admiraliteit van Amsterdam, 10 guns, crew 60, commanded by Barent Pieterszoon Dorrevelt
• Engel Gabriël, Admiraliteit van Amsterdam, 16 guns, crew 50 sailors and 16 soldiers, commanded by Gerrit Veen

Dutch Naval Officer: Schrevel Janszoon Ruijmveld

In the documents found by Mr. Carl Stapel, this officer seems to have been called "Schrevel Janszoon Ruijmveld (or Ruymveld)", although Luc Eekhout seems to call him Simon Janszoon Ruijmveld. It could be a different man, but after seeing the entry in Luc Eekhout's Het Admiralenboek, I believe that it must be the same man. There is almost no useful information, but it does mention that he served the Admiralty of the Maze. He was appointed as a Luitenant-ter-Zee in 1605. In 1612, he was promoted to Kapitein-ter-Zee. In 1620, Luc Eekhout writes that Captain Ruimveld served as a temporary Schout-bij-Nacht (rear-admiral). We also know, thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel, that he was on Haultain's expedition to the Mediterranean Sea from November 1620 to September 1621. This is expedition is the period in which he served as a temporary Schout-bij-Nacht. On this expedition, he commanded the Leeuwinne, a ship of 200 lasts. On Moy Lambert's expedition from May 1618 until February 1619, Schrevel Ruijmveld commanded the ship Holland (or Wapen van Holland).

Dutch Naval Officer: Jacob Janszoon van Edam

There is almost nothing in Luc Eekhout's book about Jacob Janszoon van Edam. All we know is that for some indeterminate period, up until September 1617, he served as a temporary Vice-Admiral. He also served as a temporary Vice-Admiral during 1618, according to Luc Eekhout. He does not even mention that Jacob Janszoon van Edam served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. We already know that he was temporary Vice-Admiral involved with Haultain's expedition to the Mediterranean Sea from September 1617 until May 1618. He commanded the ship Gulden Valck. We also know that he served as a temporary Vice-Admiral on Hillebrant Quast's expedition from December 1618 to September 1619. All this we know thanks to Mr. Carl Stapel.

This is a list of flag offices on the expeditions to the Mediterranean Sea from 1616 to 1621

This is from a document from Mr. Carl Stapel listing flag officers of the expeditions to the Mediterranean Sea from 1616-1621:

 
1  Moy Lambert's expedition of june 1616 – april 1617

  Flag Officer         Role
  Moy Lambert          commander

2  Hillebrant Quast's expedition of 1617–may 1618

  Flag Officer         Role
  Jacob Jansz van Edam temporary vice-admiral
  Hillebrant Quast     commander

3  Moy Lambert's expedition of May 1618–February 1619

  Flag Officer           Role
  Moy Lambert            commander
  Cornelis Jansz Gorcum  temporary Vice-Admiral

4  Hillebrant Quast's expedition of December 1618–September 1619

  Flag Officer           Role
  Jacob Jansz van Edam   temporary vice-admiral  
  Hillebrant Quast       commander

5  supply squadron May 1619–August 1620

 Adm Flag Officer                  Ship       Lasts
  A  Dirck Jaspersz Cleynsorgh     Leyden     150 lasts   
  A  Barent Hendricksz Schaeff     Zutphen    200 lasts
  N  Albert Cornelisz ‘t Hoen      Griffioen  225 lasts

6  Moy Lambert's expedition of December 1619–October 1620

  Flag Officer           Role
  Moy Lambert            commander
  Hillebrant Quast       tijdelijk vice-admiral

7  Haultain's expedition of November 1620 – September 1621

  Flag Officer                 Role
  Schrevel Jacobsz Ruymvelt    temporary rear-admiral
  Joachim Swartenhondt         temporary vice-admiral
  Marynnes Hollar              commander and flagcaptain of Haultain
  Haultain                     admiral

Dutch Captain: Salomon Le Sage

Salomon Le Sage served the Admiralty of Zeeland. He was under the command of Abraham Crijnssen on the expedition to the West Indies for the capture of Surinam and fought in the Battle of Nevis. He fought in the Battle of Solebay in 1672 and the Battle of the Texel in 1673. His ships. The date is the date of the information:

Ship Name:             Date:   Guns:  Sailors: Soldiers: Date built:  Length:  Beam:  Hold:        

Prins te Paard, jacht  12/1666 14     75      
Delft                  1671    32     76       45        1664         116      28.5   11.5  
Vlissingen             5/1672  50                        1653         130      34     13.5  
Vlissingen             7/1672  50     92       93        1653         130      34     13.5  
Vlissingen             9/1672  50                        1653         130      34     13.5  
Vlissingen             8/1673  48     185      18        1653         130      34     13.5  

Things we need to find: updated list

There is a list of things that we really need to find. They are critical pieces of information that would expand our knowledge about Dutch ships during the 1630-1672 period. The items are as follows:

1. The information used by Vreugdenhil about Dutch ships prior to 1649
2. The list of Directors ships from March 30, 1652 that lists ships like the Harderwijck, Harderin, Weesp, and Colburg
3. The manuscript that lists the Prinses Louise upgunned to 46 guns in late 1652
4. The manuscript that tells about the Zeeland Directors ships that joined the fleet in May 1652
5. The manuscript that has details about ships such as the Walvisch from 1653
6. The documentation that provided Dr. Weber with details about ships in his book about the Four Days Battle

A story from 1623 that involves Witte de With

Mr. Carl Stapel passed on one last story about Dutch captains prior to 1630. I have slightly edited the text:

On June 12th 1623 the fleet met a Dutch warship at the Azores named Overijssel. The Overijssel was commanded by Adriaen van Crimpen. He escorted sugar ships which he had captured. A mutiny had broken out on the Overijssel about dividing the loot. l'Hermite acted promptly and put three sailors to death on the 21st of June by hanging them and keelhauled six others. Witte de With was one of the officers who sat on the court martial as a judge. By this time,he must have been familar with brutality. He was hardened by the VOC in his young years. But it was Witte de With who always got the risky assignments and never Maarten Tromp. Tromp was never sent to the West-Indies or East-Indies, it was Witte de With, instead.

Dutch Captain: Barent Hendrickszoon Schaeff

We really know very little about Barent Hendrickszoon Schaeff. We know his middle name from the Staet van Oorlog te Water for the year 1628. He served the Admiralty of Amsterdam, and he commanded ships in 1627 and 1628, although there are no details. We know that he served in Moy Lambert's fleet from 1618 to 1619, when he commanded the Vergulden Raven. That was a ship of 150 lasts. That could be a ship of about 112ft x 26.5ft x 11ft. From 1619 to 1620, he commanded the Zutphen, a larger ship of 200 lasts. That could have been about 124ft x 29ft x 12ft. My current estimation is based on a factor of 217, where you multiply length x beam x hold (in Amsterdam feet) and divide by 217 and round the result to the nearest 10 lasts.

Dutch Captain: Hans Bournon

Hans Bournon served the Admiralty of Amsterdam. He was in the second expedition sent against Spain from 12 November 1626 to 10 July 1627. He commanded the ship Roode Leeuw, a vessel of 150 lasts. A ship of that size would be about 116ft x 27ft x 11ft. The crew was 100 sailors. He had been present in Haultain's expedition to the Mediterranean Sea from 1620-1621 and in 1623 he defended his convoy against a superior Dunkirk force and drove them off. In February 1624, he shot a Dunkirker and caused a leak that necessitated stranding the ship on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. In 1625, he served in the fleet commanded by Haultain that aided Louis XIII in his fight with Rochelle. In 1627, he fought 8 Dunkirk privateers and escaped with his ship and crew. On 10 September 1627, he was accused of cowardice for abandoning the herring buses. This is based on the information and biography in the document sent to me by Mr. Carl Stapel: "Tweede Nederlandsche Engelse vloot in 12 november 1626 tot 10 juli 1627 naar Spanje". This is also my translation of that biography. I had some trouble with it, so I would welcome corrections. This is the text in Dutch:

"Hans Bournon

Hij is aanwezig bij de expeditie van Haultain naar de Middellandse Zee ( 1620-1621 ) In 1623 verdedigt hij een konvooi tegen een Duinkerkse overmacht en verdrijft hen. In februari 1624 schiet hij voor de kust van Biscaye een Duinkerker kaper zo lek, dat het schp strandde en verging. In 1625 dient hij onder Haultain op de Nederlandse vloot, welke in dienst van Lodewijk XIII die van La Rochelle moest bestrijden. In 1627 vecht hij tegen 8 Duinkeker kapers en weet te ontsnappen met zijn schip en bemanning. Op 10-9-1627 wordt hij beschuldigd van lafheid omdat hij de haringbuizen in de steek had gelaten."